Secede
Secession is the formal withdrawal of a group from a political entity. The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession (such as a declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal is the creation of a new state or entity independent of the group or territory from which it seceded. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals.
Notable examples of secession, and secession attempts, include:
the Confederate States of America seceding from the Union, setting off the American Civil War;
the former Soviet republics leaving the Soviet Union in 1991, causing its dissolution;
the former republics leaving Yugoslavia during the 1990s, causing its dissolution;
Texas leaving Mexico, during the Texas Revolution;
Biafra leaving Nigeria (and returning, after losing the Nigerian Civil War); and
the Irish Republic leaving the United Kingdom
Finland leaving the Soviet Union in 1917, setting off the Finnish Civil War
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